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docs/DATA_MODEL.md

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+# Data Model
+
+SchoolOS uses Prisma with SQLite. IDs are portable strings and timestamps are
+stored in UTC. The schema is the source of truth; this document is a domain
+map, not a replacement for `prisma/schema.prisma`.
+
+## Organization And Identity
+
+- `School`, `SchoolYear`, `SchoolDistrict`: organizational boundaries.
+- `User`: authenticated account, role, school membership, locale, and soft
+  deletion state.
+- `ClassGroup`, `ClassGroupTeacher`, `Enrollment`: teaching assignments and
+  current/historical class membership.
+- `Student`, `ParentStudentLink`, `ParentContact`, `EmergencyContact`: student
+  profile and linked guardians. Access must always be evaluated through the
+  active student, parent link, class assignment, and school scope.
+
+## Academic Record
+
+- `Subject`, `CompetencyTemplate`, `CompetencyCategory`, `Competency`, and
+  `MasteryLevelDefinition` define editable school competency frameworks.
+- `ClassCompetencyAssignment` links a framework to a class.
+- `LearningProgressEntry` is the evidence record used by progress, mastery,
+  and competence visualizations.
+- `Assessment`, `AssessmentCompetencyLink`, and `AssessmentResult` capture
+  assessment creation, competency links, and student results.
+- `GradingScheme`, `GradingWeightRule`, and `ComputedGrade` hold calculation
+  rules and computed outcomes.
+- `Report`, `ReportCardTemplate`, and `ReportSection` hold report-card drafts,
+  templates, and sections.
+
+## Classroom Operations
+
+- `AttendanceSession` and `AttendanceRecord`: attendance and absence status.
+- `LessonPlan`, `Homework`, and `HomeworkSubmission`: instructional planning
+  and student work.
+- `TimetableSlot`, `CalendarEvent`, `SchoolEvent`, and `EventRegistration`:
+  time-bound school activity.
+- `TeacherAbsence`, substitute models, transport models, and library checkout
+  models support daily school operations.
+
+## Student Support And Communication
+
+- `TeacherNote`, `BehaviorCategory`, `BehaviorIncident`, and
+  `BehaviorIntervention`: staff-only support context.
+- `IllnessReport`, `CounselingAppointment`, `HealthRecord`, and `Wellness`
+  models contain sensitive information; they require strict role, student, and
+  school checks.
+- `CommunicationRoom`, `CommunicationRoomMember`, `CommunicationMessage`,
+  `ParentMessage`, `Announcement`, and `Notification` provide communication
+  and delivery records.
+
+## Student Work And Learning Hub
+
+- `Notebook`, `NotebookPage`, `NotebookPageVersion`, and `Drawing` store
+  digital student work and version history.
+- `Resource`, `SubjectCategory`, `SubjectContent`, `SubjectTopic`,
+  `SubjectLesson`, and `LessonQuestion` represent learning content.
+- Badge, reward, competition, portfolio, goal, and study-plan models support
+  student-facing learning workflows.
+
+## Compliance And Audit
+
+- `AuditLog` records sensitive operational actions.
+- `DataExportRequest`, `DeletionFlag`, `DataRetentionPolicy`, `DpiaRecord`,
+  `ComplianceConsultation`, and `SchoolComplianceStatus` support rights,
+  retention, and governance workflows.
+- `Backup` stores metadata for storage-backed backup files; backup files live
+  below `BACKUP_PATH` and must not be placed in the database.
+
+## Change Rules
+
+- Additive schema changes require a Prisma migration and an updated seed path.
+- Never rename or remove a stored field without a migration/backfill plan.
+- New personal-data fields require a purpose, access policy, audit requirement,
+  export behavior, erasure behavior, and retention category before release.
+- New feature tables must include school scope where the data is school-owned.